
November 12th, 2009, 10:20 AM
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carla
is a bit itchy
Moderator | | Join Date: Sep 2006 Location: Liverpool UK
Posts: 3,291
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If you Google the terms ,'Scientist research Sea sponge there are 55,500 results and the term 'Merk research Seasponge' you get about 3,370.
Some of them go back 10 years.
Heres some quotes that stuck out. Quote:
In experiments carried out on these sponges this summer, Dr. Fernāndez-Busquets and his colleagues are studying the cells and molecules believed to be involved in the process of tissue rejection. By grafting together pieces of different individual sponges that will reject each other—a process that approximates what sometimes happens in human transplants - the scientists have observed that cells known as gray cells migrate to and amass at the graft site, a clear suggestion that they are involved in non-self tissue recognition and rejection. Researchers believe that gray cells may be a primitive form of our immune system's human killer cells.
Fernāndez-Busquets has also been researching the role of the molecule called aggregation factor proteoglycan, which he has recently identified as another potential player in sponge tissue rejection reactions, and which is very easy to study in sponges. The human version of this molecule, which is different from the sponge version but similar in structure, is also believed to have important functions in cell-to-cell interactions, but is hard to study.
The ultimate goal of this research is to provide insights into the machinery behind human tissue rejection and immune responses in hopes of someday being able to control these processes and save lives.
| Marine Biological Laboratory Quote: Growing value of products from marine biotechnology The world’s oceans host 32 of the 34 known phyla on Earth, the report says. Species diversity is known to be as high as 1000 per square meter in the Indo-Pacific Ocean. Significantly, the ratio of potentially useful natural compounds is higher in marine than terrestrial organisms. There is, therefore, a higher probability of commercial success with marine-sourced material. However, the odds of success are long – just one to two percent of pre-clinical candidates become commercial products. Nevertheless, the report says all major pharmaceutical firms, including Merck, Lilly, Pfizer, Hoffman-Laroche and Bristol-Myers Squibb, have marine biology departments, and cites the following estimates: - Worldwide sales in 2000 of marine biotechnology-related products: US$ 100 billion;
- Annual profits from a compound derived from a sea sponge to treat herpes: US$ 50 million to US$ 100 million;
- Value of anti-cancer agents from marine organisms: US$ 1 billion a year.
Marine drugs can be used as antioxidant, anti-fungal, anti-HIV, antibiotic, anti-cancer, anti- tuberculosis and anti-malaria. Applications for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease, cystic fibrosis and impotence are also under consideration. Other marine-derived compounds have anti-inflammatory properties and one is used as an anti-irritant in cosmetics. A hormone extracted from salmon has been found effective in preventing osteoporosis while a salmon-derived sulfate is an antidote to the anticoagulant heparin. Sponges are particularly targeted as potential sources of pharmaceutical products. Over 30 years, one of the most effective treatments for leukemia has been based on derivatives of a sponge. A compound based on a sponge-derived steroid completed phase 1 US trials as an asthma drug in 2000. Other research in progress includes treatments for breast and ovarian cancer. | http://209.85.229.132/search?q=cache...&ct=clnk&gl=uk
Last edited by carla; November 12th, 2009 at 01:55 PM.
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