Nanotechnology - Page 12
Morgellons-Morgellons Disease

Go Back   Morgellons-Morgellons Disease > Morgellons > Morgellons Theories & Speculations
Forgot Password? Join Us!

Morgellons Theories & Speculations Discussion on Theories and Speculations on Morgellons


Reply
 
LinkBack (1) Thread Tools Search this Thread Display Modes
  #111 (permalink)  
Old April 30th, 2009, 05:54 PM
Katinka is never giving up!
Senior Member
 
Join Date: Feb 2009
Posts: 2,537
Default

sorry Kammy, I meant this one:
Look at those spikes...see how they all have the same shape? Bigger and smaller ones...
Did yu swallow a jigsaw


Reply With Quote
Sponsored Links
  #112 (permalink)  
Old April 30th, 2009, 05:55 PM
Katinka is never giving up!
Senior Member
 
Join Date: Feb 2009
Posts: 2,537
Default

WE APPEAR TO BE NANOTECHED!

Wow! Kat we've stepped from proving we've been bioteched to nanoteched in two days.

What makes us victims of a NanoTechnology disease is not all these other things that we've seen up until now. The fungus, the nematodes, the parasites, the bacteria, etc. They are not on a nanoscale.

What makes this a Nanotechnology Disease is the fact that these particles that make up the crystal/silcon, coating, encasement all of these above mentioned, appears to match what is discussed in these Wiley Interscience Abstracts, and is made of nanoparticles.

--------------------------------

Wiley InterScience :: Session Cookies
..We have developed uniform core/shell nanoparticles, consisting of a silica layer coating and pigments or magnetite core, using a water-in-oil microemulsion method. The nanoparticles are highly luminescent and photostable with the size ranging from 5 nm to 400 nm. Bioconjugation of these silica nanoparticles adds unique biofunctions with various molecules such as enzymes, antibodies, and DNA molecules. Significant advantages have been shown in using bioconjugated nanoparticles for biosensing and bioimaging, such as cell staining, DNA detection and separation, rapid single bacterium detection, and biotechnological application in DNA protection.

Kat

--------------------------------

Wiley InterScience :: Session Cookies

Abstract
Amino-modified silica nanoparticles (FSNPs) doped with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) were synthesized by using an aqueous core of reverse-micelle microemulsion as the nanoreactor in an easy one-pot method. Due to the FITC conjugating with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTS), the nanoparticles prevent the FITC from leaching from the silica matrix when immersed in aqueous solution. SEM, FTIR, fluorescence lifetime, a photobleaching experiment and synchronous fluorescence spectra were used to characterize the FSNPs. The synchronous fluorescence signal of FSNPs was enhanced when trace amounts of -globulin (-G) were added. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the enhanced fluorescence intensity (F) was linear with the concentration of -G (c) in the range 0.3-4.8 µg/mL, with a detection limit of 0.04 µg/mL. The proposed method is simple, sensitive for the determination of trace amounts of -G and used to determine the content of -G in synthetic samples with satisfactory results. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Kammy
Reply With Quote
  #113 (permalink)  
Old April 30th, 2009, 06:34 PM
Katinka is never giving up!
Senior Member
 
Join Date: Feb 2009
Posts: 2,537
Default

OK, folks THIS is interesting!

NANOGEL

Nanogel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Nanogel is a term used to describe any mixture of nano-sized particles or fibers with a gel, usually protein-based. They have the ability to cross into the cells of living organisms.

.....
A highly hydrophilic fluorescent nanogel.....The cell absorbs water when colder and squeezes the water out as its internal temperature rises; the relative quantity of water masks or exposes the fluorescence of the nanogel.

Katinka
Reply With Quote
  #114 (permalink)  
Old April 30th, 2009, 06:46 PM
Katinka is never giving up!
Senior Member
 
Join Date: Feb 2009
Posts: 2,537
Default

Silica Aero Gel
Nanocomposites

Nanocomposites : Silica Aerogels

Aerogel Nanocomposites Through Sol-Gel Processing



These composites were prepared by adding metal salts, or other compounds to a sol before gelation. The deep blue aerogel contains nickel; the pale green, copper; the black, carbon and iron; the orange, iron oxide; and the remaining aerogels, organic compounds.




This approach is the logical first route to aerogel nanocomposites and can produce many varieties of composites. There are, however, limitations to these procedures. Simply stated, a non-silica material is added to the silica sol before gelation. This added material may be a soluble organic or inorganic compound, insoluble powders, polymers, biomaterials, bulk fibers, woven cloths, or porous preforms.

Silica aerogel-Carbon compositesThese have been prepared through the decomposition of various hydrocarbon gases at high temperatures. However, due to the fine structure of silica aerogels, the decomposition take place at a much lower temperature (200-450 degrees C) than the corresponding decomposition in the absence of the aerogel. Carbon loadings ranging from 1-800% have been observed. Surprisingly, at lower loadings, the carbon deposition is relatively uniform throughout the volume of monolithic aerogel slabs. At higher loadings, the carbon begins to localize at the exterior surface of the composite monolith. Interesting aspects of these composites include electrical conductivity at higher loadings, and mechanical strengthening of the composite relative to the original aerogel.Silica aerogel-Silicon compositesThe thermal decomposition of various organosilanes on a silica aerogel forms deposits of elemental silicon. In this case the rapid decomposition of the silane precursor leads to deposits localized near the exterior surface of the aerogel substrate. Thermal annealing of the composite induces crystallization of the silicon. The resulting composite, with 20-30 nm diameter silicon particles, exhibits strong visible photoluminescence at 600 nm.Silica aerogel-Transition Metal compositesOrgano-transition metal complexes are ideal precursors for this type of composite. Even the least volatile of these possesses a sufficient vapor pressure to be deposited within an aerogel. Under controlled conditions, these deposit uniformly throughout the entire volume of the aerogel monolith. Typically, the metal compounds are then thermally degraded to their base metals. These intermediate composites are generally highly reactive, due to the disperse nature of the metallic phase, and can be easily converted to metal oxides, sulfides, or halides. This process can be repeated several times to increase the loading of the metallic phase. Typically composites prepared in this way possess crystals of the desired metal compound on the order of 5-100 nm in diameter.


Remember Kammy, I said your "star-shiip-shaped" particles looked like carbon??

Katinka
Reply With Quote
  #115 (permalink)  
Old April 30th, 2009, 06:56 PM
Katinka is never giving up!
Senior Member
 
Join Date: Feb 2009
Posts: 2,537
Default

Nanogel Polymer Electrolytes

Nanogel Polymer Electrolytes

Fuel cells based on proton exchange membranes have the potential to provide the core of all Air Force power production, from aircraft ground support equipment to unmanned aerial vehicle and remote power generation. The objective of our program is to develop nanohybrid proton membranes and new proton conductors, which combine high proton conductivity (especially at high temperature/low relative humidity), low gas permeability and methanol crossover, decreased swelling and mechanical robustness for fuel cell applications.



Katinka

Last edited by Katinka; April 30th, 2009 at 07:38 PM.
Reply With Quote
  #116 (permalink)  
Old April 30th, 2009, 08:34 PM
Katinka is never giving up!
Senior Member
 
Join Date: Feb 2009
Posts: 2,537
Default

Important unknown nanotech within humans


Important unknown nanotech within humans - Biology-Online

So as you can see the gel present in morgellons disease is a source of a hydro silicate colloid.

Now for the liquid crystals unvirsaly seen in morgellons seeping out the skin,in faeces etc.
an example of which seen in this video
http://www.youtube.com/watch?gl=GB&hl=e ... re=related

and spoken of here,
"The other woman pulls out “threads, black specks and crystals"
http://74.125.77.132/search?q=cache:ruS ... cd=6&gl=uk

they too are the direct result of a colloidal process,

the liquid crystals exist to construct structures such as silicon crystal wires within the body,
http://www.mrs.org/s_mrs/sec_subscribe. ... ion=detail


Now the solid sols as discovered by hildegard staninger,
http://www.rumormillnews.com/cgi-bin/ar ... ead=114071

the fibres from chemtrails have been analysed in detail in this research article,
http://www.rumormillnews.com/cgi-bin/ar ... ead=114071

you can actually see how fibres have caused the hydro silicate colloid to solidify into its gel state in this video,
the fibres are woven intricately within and around the silicate structure indicating the silicate structure formed around the fibres.this would only be the case IF THE FIBRES CAUSED THE COLLOID TO SOLLIDIFY with an introduction of an electrostatic charge imbalance.

This next video demonstrates how the fibres are seen to cause the silicate gel to aggregate around the charged fibres in sporadic,clumped gelatinous masses.
you can actually see the silicate gel clumping around the polymer fibres.

So what we have is an undeniable evidence that morgellons disease is primarily the existence of a hydro silicate colloidal mass within the body which solidifies into a hydro silicate aerogel and complexes such as bio nanotecnology.

this hyrdo sillicate aero gel has been detected around the world in strange locations with human white blood cells embedded in its structure
BBC - Scotland Outdoors Articles - The 'jelly' mystery
white blood cells attack foreign matter within the human body.

There is evidence to suggest the bio nanotechnology aquires its energy from glycolysis,the same method as the human body,this is why a low sugar diet is seen to be somewhat benificial in morgellons.

From preliminary research the complex agreggation of the colloid into more solid forms can be stopped by the use of similiary charged particles,such as negative ions...
Anions, which are one such method,thus permiating the biological strucutre with an anionic substance should reduce or negate the functions of the bio nanotechnology.

t can be seen then that the fibres that are emitted in chemtrails and manufactured in the body from “dragonead” shaped nanotechnology exist as a scaffold for the colloid to solidify into complex forms.

The changing of the P.H level is also important. "cures" for morgellons usually involve the intake of extreme PH substances,this is clearly disinfo and designed to solidify the colloidal mass.
As described above
“ Removal of the electrostatic barrier that prevents aggregation of the particles. This can be accomplished by the addition of salt to a suspension or changing the pH of a suspension to effectively neutralize or "screen" the surface charge of the particles in suspension.”
despite this fact extreme P.H cures are spouted everywhere and are clearly an attempt to accelerate the advancement of the technology.

The intense static charge evident in morgellons is the result of the colloidal particles large surface area allowing for intense static charges to be created.
this static charge is noticed by morgellons sufferers and is often wholey blamed on the fibres.
however it can be seen to be caused by the presence of the hydro silicate colloid in the abdomen area of the sufferers.

Now we have seen how the elemental signatures of morgellons are the product of an existence of a hydro colloid within the body.
the next part regards the process of a colloid turning from a liquid to a solid state.
An important aspect of this is chemtrails,so I ask you to research it here,
AEROSOL OPERATION CRIMES & COVER-UP


Read it all folks...I guess this says everything! It's not news..but interesting.

Katinka

Last edited by Katinka; April 30th, 2009 at 08:54 PM.
Reply With Quote
  #117 (permalink)  
Old April 30th, 2009, 09:13 PM
ladycolorado is Fear grows in darkness; if you think there's a bogeyman around, turn on the light.
Senior Member
 
Join Date: Nov 2006
Location: TN, USA
Posts: 2,968
Send a message via Yahoo to ladycolorado
Default

Scary this "brave new world" that people envision. You might also check any group with a global theme to it .


Case in point the Millenium Project:
Science and Technology .

15 global challenges:
Global Challenges .

Here is their UN homepage:
UN Millennium Project | Welcome to Our Historic Site .

What I find most disturbing is the very things they advocate could be of concern regarding disease:
Health .

(LC)


Last edited by ladycolorado; April 30th, 2009 at 09:21 PM.
Reply With Quote
  #118 (permalink)  
Old April 30th, 2009, 09:24 PM
monika has no status.
Junior Member
 
Join Date: Apr 2009
Posts: 26
Question

Hi all, i have run over all the posts, and hope i wont sound pessimistic but i think its much more than just fibers .....i mean its not only nanotechnology and damaging as asbest is , but its INTELLIGENT , and that is what worries me so much , its one huge interconnected intelligent system , the fybers, the world wide mind manipulation , its all one and the same thing , that is why the center for epidemics is investigating all kind of unexplained fatigue ....
its a part of it , something is sucking energy out of us , and its not bound to one specific body , its some kind of global hive mind ...some superfast superorganism .., the reason that it s one time fibers , another time mind control, and sometimes people think its ghosts, or recovered memories or aliens , is nothing but DECEPTION

anyway this is my letter to the ICC today , someone helped me to correct it for the english, and i did mention this first time also morgellons, some reporter was interested in the text , no idea who, somewere in USA , check it out what you all think of what i write , ok ?? And at the same time you can check one of our networksites , many usa victims too by the way ...
Greets Monika

I DID SEND AS JOHN FINCH DEMANDED A LETTER TO ICRIMINAL COURT , it is below with the contact adress of icc too - Mind Control Victims Friends Around the World

aanOTP.InformationDesk@icc-cpi.int,
jelena.vukasinovic@icc-cpi.int

datum30 april 2009 17:29
onderwerpsurprising overlaps in patterns and symptoms between the TI’s rapports of mind weapon abuse, and chronic fatigue Fibromyalgia, Morgellons desease a U.S. a sudden increase of suicides in middle aged people
verzonden doorgmail.com

details verbergen 17:29 (8 uren geleden) Beantwoorden



M.P. Dillon Head of the Information & Evidence Unit, Office of the Prosecutor
THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT
Post Office Box 19519, 2500 CM The Hague, The Netherlands


Reference: OTP-CR-70/07

DEAR M.P. DILLON

We would like to draw your attention to a a very serious but not yet well known situation of silent crimes against humanity. There is massive ignorance and secrecy regarding this,

The phenomenon of people who report some type of remote attack or manipulation by what they call directed energy or neurological weapons, mind manipulating technology or electronic harassment emerged during the cold war and visibly increased in late 1990’s. But in the year 2000, an unexplainable and dramatic increase in incidence of these complaints occurred.
These reports are coming from every continent all around the globe and the similarities of testimonies and exponential increase point to a GLOBAL problem.

This group of individuals, who report this problem, call themselves “Targeted Individuals” shortened to TI’s, or "mind control victims". There are surprising overlaps in patterns and symptoms between the TI’s and chronic fatigue Fibromyalgia, a U.S. public health mystery of a sudden increase of suicides in middle aged people that started at the beginning of this decade.
Another unexplained global phenomena like the debilitating and bizarre condition first mentioned in medical reports as PGAS, the not yet understood disease named Morgellons that also first became public around the same period which seems to have the very same kind of global increase, and also it was previously dismissed as a delusion because it was not understood until finally in 2008 an investigation was launched because of the growing list of patients worldwide with symptoms and lab results showing it was much more than just a delusion.
The complaints about mind manipulating weapons are in the same way treated as mental illness, and are therefore not monitored officially and remain “invisible” in any kind of statistical results. The sensational symptoms like telepathic experiences and embarrassing sexual electronic sensations, draw the attention away from the much longer list of health problems like autoimmunity disturbances, permanent fatigue, muscle pain that remind of Fibromyalgia, a significant high number of thyroid gland disorders, headaches and neurological symptoms and measurable reactions of post traumatic stress disorder. Hardly any outsider is aware of the simultaneously occurring problems with electronic devices and communication like computers or even car electronics.
The consequences of their ignorance is that observers have no idea of the scale of this and don’t recognize the reports as part of the same issue and keep classifying them as individual cases, imaginations or superstitions, paranoid conspiracy theories or just mental illness.
At the same time already a statistical investigation by any official body would show this problem is much different from just one of coincidental internet delusions.
Reports of TI's mainly include the following 3 things.
A -Most TI's report the physical and mental symptoms they experience from the moment they consciously experience the technology affecting them.
B -Most TI's report interception of mail, interception and alteration of telecommunications, telephone and internet communications and malfunctions of all types of electronic and electrical devices .
C -Most TI's experience organized stalking, which they explain in different ways and that in most cases starts earlier than the typical symptoms and physical sensations referred to as electronic harassment.
These three things (nearly) always go together and the number of new people reporting this had a sudden increase in 2000, continuing to the present. This should at least raise the question of how the complaints cannot be related.
Meanwhile there have been many warnings by scientists in the fields of the emerging technologies like artificial intelligence and nanotechnology, about the possible dangers related to these technologies and mentioned by many as one of future risk and even possible human extinction scenarios.
Predictions of emerging technological super intelligence or self organizing nanotechnology mention the fact that it would not be necessarily bound to any physical body or would not even be recognized as such because of our limited human nature in comparison with it and not necessarily have goals consistent with the benefit of humanity.
A huge part of military research into these technologies as advanced technological weapons has been done secretly by several superpowers as a part of the weapons race and still remains classified.

The past has shown that historically important disruptive changes, referred to as low probability but high impact events are always a totally unexpected surprise to the world and pose severe consequences for humanity.
In foresight, research of these kinds of disruptive events are called Wild Cards, or Black Swan events and emerging technological surprises often are named as a possible cause.
Also the evolution of science has a similar nature of sudden surprising changes and was named by Thomas Kuhn as a “Paradigm Shift”.
Human nature seems to have a natural blindness to gradual changes. The increased knowledge of these mechanisms should prevent ignoring the signs of possible emerging risks (mistakes humanity made previously in history).
The serious threat emerging technologies are posing, the numerous warnings from AI experts on this matter, combined with the striking increase of people asking for recognition because they are targeted with technology interfacing with their mind and body and access to electronic systems of any kind should be a justified reason for an urgent and serious investigation into this internationally.


Many people from all around the world are asking, “Please help us, help us, please give this problem the attention it deserves and investigate this situation in order to provide possible answers to the large scale suffering of many who are suspecting that they are guinea pigs in non-consensual human experimentation and who are feeling like a hostage of the silently emerging information war against humanity.
Not recognized, not helped and dismissed as being mentally ill and put in a position to be subjected to unjustified, unrelenting and inhumane torture.
These groups of brave individuals who have gone public are just the tip of the iceberg and represent a much larger group of people that keep silent in fear of being tortured extensively and marginalized by friends and family and of jeopardizing their livelihood.
Many are waiting for the miracle that someone will appear who can expose the horror and injustices that are occurring globally. That some event will take place to ease their pain and suffering and allow them to return to the normal life that they had prior to becoming TI’s prior to becoming aware of the insanity and evilness that is allowed to destroy and disrupt innocent human being.
Our mission is to strive to terminate this silent epidemic, to generate the requisite attention deserving of the atrocities that are occurring globally infringing on the human rights, the health and the security of all of us.

next part in next posting
Reply With Quote
  #119 (permalink)  
Old April 30th, 2009, 09:28 PM
monika has no status.
Junior Member
 
Join Date: Apr 2009
Posts: 26
Question

second part of the letter to icc

We are asking the United Nations, the World Health Organization and political leader’s to investigate this problem and reveal the nature of it in a way that does not rely on any assumptions, prejudices, or values of any particular individuals who investigates.

Ocourse the nature of the problem without any doubt can be defined as crimes against humanity, war crimes., crimes against peace, and violations of the most fundamental human rights on large scale, even if its is not yet known or recognized as such. Therefor are asking your help in this matter to help us to get an investigation of the situation officially so that the global nature and alarming increase can become clearly visible and reveal how serious this matter really is .
In my own name and that of many others and the world wide movement against abuse of mind manipulating technology and nonconsentual human experimentation , and the Federation Against Mind Control of Europe Start I do demand your attention and help , for this highly underestimated and unknown problem.

Monika Stoces
Oudemansstraat 22
2000 Antwerpen
Belgium

Our International Mailteam
General CONTACT mcmailteam@gmail.com
Contact
MC Mail Team Members (part of the world wide movement)
AUSTRALIA: John Finch
tijohnfinch@gmail.com 00 61 4 2400 9627
CHINA: Soleil Mavis
soleilmavis@yahoo.com
peacepink - * Peacepink*??????*******English* ?? peacepink
Soleilmavis(mailteam) | Google Groups
Main Blog: soleilmavis - Windows Live
BELGIUM: Monika Stoces
monika.stoces@gmail.com 00 32 (0)3 288 83 20
Federation Against Mind Control Europe Start
Friends Network Mind Control Victims Friends Around the World - Targeted Individuals Mind Control Victims United World Wide
USA_OHIO: Derrick Robinson
dcr618@msn.com 00 1 513337 9632
FCHHS Freedom From Covert Harassment and Surveillance info@freedomfchs.com
CANADA: Mostafa Hosny
defend_law@yahoo.ca
Rule of Law Defenders www.hosnyinfo.comv
Our (very, very partial) LIST OF VICTIMS OF DIRECTED ENERGY & NEUROLOGICAL WEAPONS:-

the link to our OVER 880 DIRECTED ENERGY AND NEUROLOGICAL WEAPONS, AND ORGANISED STALKING TORTURE AND ABUSE VICTIMS' CASE SUMMARIES

and the list of all names that i did not post here but is in link of beginning of john finch self, he has a bit a different style of writing that i do ...but its about the same thing ...
Greets Monika


HERE IS STILL THE LINK OF JOHN FINCH AND BELOW ARE THE NAMES OF EVERYBODY
HIS WRITING IS A BIT OVERDONE I FIND BUT HE IS THAT WAY AND DOES A LOT OF WORK
Federation Against Mind Control Europe :: View topic - PLEASE SEND YOUR TORTURE AND ABUSE CASES AND INFORMATION TO

Last edited by monika; April 30th, 2009 at 09:49 PM.
Reply With Quote
  #120 (permalink)  
Old April 30th, 2009, 10:13 PM
Kritters is a fungus magnet
Senior Member
 
Join Date: Apr 2007
Posts: 6,508
Default

Hello Monika,

This is quite a stunning letter. I applaud you.

Kritters
Reply With Quote
Sponsored Links
Reply

Bookmarks
LinkBacks (?)
LinkBack to this Thread: http://www.morgellons-disease-research.com/Morgellons-Message-Board/morgellons-theories-speculations/4621-nanotechnology.html
Posted By For Type Date
The Loom | Discover Magazine This thread Refback April 15th, 2009 05:02 PM


Currently Active Users Viewing This Thread: 1 (0 members and 1 guests)
 
Thread Tools Search this Thread
Search this Thread:

Advanced Search
Display Modes

Posting Rules
You may not post new threads
You may not post replies
You may not post attachments
You may not edit your posts

BB code is On
Smilies are On
[IMG] code is On
HTML code is Off
Trackbacks are On
Pingbacks are On
Refbacks are On
Forum Jump
Translate This Page

Similar Threads
Thread Thread Starter Forum Replies Last Post
Cotton Nanotechnology? Lisa Morgellons Theories & Speculations 10 October 29th, 2009 08:46 PM
For Bugsick: Consumer Reports and Nanotechnology tcmgpt13 Morgellons Theories & Speculations 1 July 12th, 2007 10:42 PM
NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR THE HAIR standswfist Morgellons Treatment 3 June 9th, 2007 01:20 PM
Broadcast at Rense cites nanotechnology as culprit Steve Frey Morgellons Disease (Fiber Disease) 11 March 30th, 2007 10:55 AM
Current regulations and information concerning Nanotechnology beverlybdmd General Discussion 1 March 19th, 2007 04:53 AM


All times are GMT -4. The time now is 07:45 AM.

Community Twit

Powered by vBulletin® Version 3.7.0
Copyright ©2000 - 2012, Jelsoft Enterprises Ltd.
Search Engine Friendly URLs by vBSEO 3.1.0 ©2007, Crawlability, Inc.
MDR-Morgellons 2011
Main Forum, General Discussion, Morgellons Disease (Fiber Disease), Morgellons Treatment, Morgellons Cure, Lyme Disease, Scabies, World News, Morgellons Syndrome, Scabies Treatment, Lyme Disease Treatment, Complementary and Alternative Therapies, Morgellons Theories & Speculations, Introduce Yourself, Administrative Announcements, Suggestions/Website Requests, Complaints, Media, Guest Posting, Non-Recommended Products, Morgellons Poll, Morgellons Pictures, Insects, Parasites, Mites & Ticks, Members' Lounge, Admin & Mod Discussions, Health, Diet, Wellbeing & Weight Loss, Morgellons Disease Live Chat, Recycled, Antidepressants, Help Videos, The Rant Board, Morgellons Housekeeping Cleansing Tips, Morgellons And Pets, Support, Financial Aid, Healthy Cooking & Eating, Health Insurance, Medical News, lyme Disease Symptoms, Lyme Disease Doctors, Lyme Disease Alternative Treatments, Chronic Lymes Disease, Chronic Lyme Disease Treatment, Lyme Disease Prognosis, Drug-Alcohol Rehab/Suicide Prevention

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46