Can we STOP the Agrobacterium Ti Process ?

[Venetia]

Mae-Wan Ho has been warning the world about Agrobacterium Ti since at least 2000.

She has warned of pesticides as well.

Recent Evidence Confirms Risks of Horizontal Gene Transfer

The Institute of Science In Society

ISIS News no. 6, Sept 2000

Ban Glyphosate Herbicides Now

Mae-Wan Ho points out that Scientists should be held responsible.....

Scientists Must be Held Responsible and Protected by Law

She fears the Collapse of Civilization....

Why Civilisations Collapse

But she gives us direction....

Medicine in a New Key

Citovsky gave us a heads up- in terms of the response that will be given as relates
to Agrobacterium Ti and it's effects on humans.

Anyone who wishes to persue action to bring those effects to light I say do it. Go for it.

At the same time, we have to look at this from a different perspective as well. How to

Stop the effects of the Agro.


Dr Stricker provided Vitaly Citovsky samples - from Morgellons sufferers (biopsies) back in 2006.

When results were published, Vitaly Citovsky responded:

http://www.morgellonshope.com/index2...o_pdf=1&id=754

So that, as they say, is that.

We can continue to research and document and I'm sure that is a good idea- but
we should also look for our own way out of this fiasco.

Which is the path that I choose to take.

-V-

[Venetia]

Because Agrobacterium Ti is in our food supply as well as in the air, soil and water- via the Remediation products used for VOCs to include MTBE, it seems likely that even if some level of government (anywhere) acknowledged the problem tomorrow- there would still be years of waiting for a remedy.

I believe we should look for our own methods to stop the damage from not only the 'Condition' but the Agrobacterium Ti damage in general.

I would like to ask for assistance to break down the information that is known about Agro- and see what will stop the process or at least slow it down.

There is a way-

One 'for instance'....

http://www.artsci.wustl.edu/%7Eanthr...kgrounder.html

Fair use

Excerpts:


MODIFYING THE PLANT

In the research on PAL-840, the gene construct was inserted into both Nicotiana benthamiana (a tobacco commonly used as a model species in plant biotechnology) and cassava itself. To produce transgenic plants, young leaves are cut into small disks and treated with plant hormones. The Agrobacterium is applied (Figure 5), so that the chimeric gene construct will be inserted into the plant's genome. The leaf discs are then transferred to a culture medium containing antibiotics to kill the Agrobacterium (whose job is now complete) and to select for the successful genetic transformation events. Once again kanomycin is used, this time to kill all the plant cells which have not received the transgenes. Only those containing the kanomycin-resistant gene (and the gene of interest; in this case the GUS marker gene under control of the PAL-840 promoter) can survive and grow. Plant growth hormones then stimulate regeneration of whole shoots from the transgenic cells.


Figure 3 shows a schematic display of an Agrobacterium TI plasmid with three genes. Each gene is bracketed by a promoter and a stop-sequence. The promoter is a short but crucial section of DNA, usually located directly before the gene, which controls when and under what circumstances the gene is activated.

The most important and widely used promoter in plant biotechnology at this time is the "CaMV 35S" promoter, which was isolated from the cauliflower mosaic virus, and patented by Monsanto. The 35S is a constitutive promoter; it causes its gene to be continually functional in all plant tissues regardless of environmental conditions. The stop-sequence is a regulatory DNA segment that tells the genetic machinery to stop reading the gene, just as a full-stop informs the reader that a sentence is complete. (Sometimes referred to as the "terminator," the stop-sequence is an integral component of all genes and has nothing to do with the so-called "Terminator" technologies for producing sterile seeds.)
end excerpts


From the above- we learn that Kanomycin kills the Agrobacterium.

Granted, some will say that the process is already too far along to stop- but do we really know that?

[Kritters]

V~ of whom are you asking the assistance?
xoKritts

[Venetia]

Kritters-

Anyone with eyes, fingers and a keyboard!

We need all the help we can get here- and it seems no one is riding in on a White horse to save the day. Contrare...

There are countless documents available online on this subject.

One of the best sources is V Citovsky. Link to book- Citovsky- co-author:

Agrobacterium

The best sources- IMO- are the references. For instance- random selection:

Tzfira t citovsky v 2002 Partners in infection: host proteins involved in the
transformation of plant cells by Agrobacterium Trents Cell biol 12:121-129

**
Take the above- put it in the brower to get:

The Plant VirE2 Interacting Protein 1. A Molecular Link between the Agrobacterium T-Complex and the Host Cell Chromatin?

The Plant VirE2 Interacting Protein 1. A Molecular Link between the Agrobacterium T-Complex and the Host Cell Chromatin?1
Abraham Loyter, Joseph Rosenbluh, Nehama Zakai, Jianxiong Li, Stanislav V. Kozlovsky, Tzvi Tzfira, and Vitaly Citovsky*

Excerpt:
The microbe Agrobacterium tumefaciens is harmful to plants and useful to scientists for one and the same reason: It transfers DNA into plant genomes. Found in soil worldwide, Agrobacterium causes disease in plants by transferring its own DNA into plant cells. But in the laboratory, the ability to move foreign genes into plants has made the microbe a standard tool for investigating plant genetics and modifying crops
end excerpt

**

And you get a better picture of what exactly is involved in the 'HOST' by way of interaction. Could be a clue?

Most of the information is found either in the document title or the first paragraph - the relevant info that is.

Try it-

-V-

[Venetia]

Genetic control of quorum-sensing signal turnover in Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Fair use

Excerpts:

Abstract

A signal turnover system is an essential component of many genetic regulatory mechanisms. The best-known example is the ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation system that exists in many organisms. We found that Agrobacterium tumefaciens adopts a unique signal turnover system to control exiting from a quorum-sensing mode. A. tumefaciens regulates Ti plasmid conjugal transfer by a quorum-sensing signal, N-3-oxo-octanoyl homoserine lactone (3OC8HSL), also known as Agrobacterium autoinducer. By using Tn5 mutagenesis and a functional cloning approach, we identified two genes that are involved in switching from a conjugal quorum-sensing mode to a nonconjugal mode at the onset of stationary phase. First, we located attJ, which codes for an IclR-type suppressor that regulates the second gene attM. The latter encodes a homologue of N-acylhomoserine lactone (AHL)-lactonase. Mass spectrometry analysis shows that the enzyme encoded by attM is an AHL-lactonase that hydrolyzes the lactone ring of 3OC8HSL. In wild-type A. tumefaciens, attM expression is initially suppressed by AttJ but significantly elevated at the stationary phase accompanied a sharp decline in 3OC8HSL. DNA gel retardation analysis shows that AttJ specifically binds to the promoter that controls AHL-lactonase expression. Mutation of attJ resulted in constitutive production of AHL-lactonase that abolishes 3OC8HSL accumulation and Ti plasmid transfer. These data suggest that A. tumefaciens has a sophisticated multicomponent quorum-sensing signal turnover system, allowing the cell to sense a change in growth and adjust cellular activities accordingly.

end excerpt

Excerpt:
\
Plasmid transfer in a bacterial population is usually a transient process, which ends within hours (19). The quorum-sensing-dependent Ti plasmid conjugal transfer system of the plant pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens seems to be an excellent model to study how bacterial cells enter and exit from quorum-sensing mode for a particular biological process. In the presence of opine, the conjugation inducers, A. tumefaciens produces a diffusible conjugation signal that promotes conjugation (20). The signal was later identified as N-(3-oxooctanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (3OC8HSL), also known as Agrobacterium autoinducer (4). In conjunction with the transcription factor TraR, 3OC8HSL positively regulates the expression of genes required for Ti plasmid transfer (Tra genes) (4, 6, 13, 21). Growth phase of donor cells is very important in determining the efficiency of Ti plasmid transfer. A. tumefaciens donor cells initiate Ti plasmid transfer at the midlag phase, maximize at the midexponential phase, and stop at the stationary phase (22). Our preliminary experiment found that production of 3OC8HSL in donor cells displays the same growth phase-dependent pattern; the concentration of 3OC8HSL in culture decreases dramatically when bacterial cells enter stationary phase. These data suggest that bacterial cells might exit from the quorum-sensing phase by terminating biosynthesis of 3OC8HSL or eliminating the 3OC8HSL quorum-sensing signal or both.

In this study, we have identified a gene, designated previously as attM (23), which encodes a homologue of the AHL-lactonase encoded by aiiA (24, 25). The enzyme encoded by attM inactivates 3OC8HSL quorum-sensing signals by hydrolysis of its homoserine lactone ring. Furthermore, we present evidence that attM is negatively controlled by a transcription factor, AttJ, a homologue of the IclR family. Expression of the AHL-lactonase is growth phase-dependent. Its expression is enhanced substantially when A. tumefaciens bacterial cells enter the stationary phase; the enzyme degrades 3OC8HSL and terminates the conjugation-related quorum sensing.

end excerpt

Quorem Sensing- how to stop that process? It would seem that the Agro can not be 'conjugated' if not for that process ?


What halts Quorem Sensing? 3 finds below

NIMR, London :: Mill Hill Essays 2004 :: The social life of disease-causing bacteria

Fair use

Excerpt:
Can anything else be done to reduce the health hazards associated with microbial biofilms? Materials that would prevent the growth of microbial biofilms when incorporated in medical devices to be implanted in human tissues have been at the top of the wish lists of health-equipment inventors for many years. Materials for implants with antibiotics or disinfectants immobilised on their surfaces that might kill bacteria have been explored. Indeed, the literature is full of “promising leads” but robust and successful applications are notably elusive. When science reaches this kind of impasse, imagination and lateral thinking is required to make further progress. Not for the first time, scientists have looked for inspiration in the interactions of individual microbes with other species; this time for clues to how biofilms are suppressed in nature.


Almost ten years ago, some Australian biologists noticed the absence of a biofilm on fronds of a red alga growing in Sydney harbour; an occurrence they considered strange which they traced to secreted chemicals that prevented bacterial colonisation. These chemicals are members of a family of compounds known as furanones that block the receptors for a class of molecules that affect quorum-sensing. They seem to be non-toxic in the mammalian body and are relatively stable; moreover, they seem to prevent the formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms in the lungs of mice with cystic fibrosis.

Promising news is also emerging from studies of a family of small peptides that have a role in the proliferation of biofilms of MRSA; certain derivatives can prevent biofilms forming. A third type of molecule, the only known organic compound of the element boron that exists in the living world, furanosyl borate diester, is a recently discovered quorum-sensing chemical. This substance, unlike other quorum-sensing chemicals, affects many bacterial species and suggests that it may be possible to find an agent that blocks biofilm formation. With three important leads, the pharmaceutical industry now has a great opportunity to find agents that combine the facility of disrupting biofilms with an antibiotic. Many hurdles must be cleared before troublesome microbial biofilms in the human body cease to be a problem, but it looks as though progress is possible.

[Venetia]

Biomimicry Institute - Red Seaweed Inspired Antibiotics


Red Seaweed Inspired Antibiotics

Learning from Seaweed to Repel Bacteria without Creating Resistance



Red seaweed (Delisea pulchra), shown here off the coast of Australia, repels bacteria successfully through disrupting their communication rather than killing them. Emulating such methods in the creation of antibiotics would minimize bacterial resistance and impacts to non-target organisms. BioSignal Ltd. has synthesized the signal-jamming furanone molecules that this species uses to repel bacteria, and is pursuing their application in a number of health and technology applications. Photo courtesy of the Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation.

[Kritters]

"Anyone with eyes, fingers and a keyboard! "


Ya fergot a BRAIN ....but I'll give it a shot.

I think I'll google, "how to stop agrobacterium Ti for Dummies" ;-)

Kritts

[Venetia]

New Weapon In Germ Warfare: 'Jamming' Bacteria Signals Stops Cholera


New Weapon In Germ Warfare: 'Jamming' Bacteria Signals Stops Cholera




Furanones from Delisea pulchra block disease causing cholera signals. (Image courtesy of University Of New South Wales)

[Venetia]

An Interview with Plant Scientist Dr. E. Anne Clark on Genetic Engineering in Agriculture (Part I)

Fair use

Excerpt:
For example, when Bt was inserted into one of the clones that Monsanto has marketed as their Bt potato, it silenced the gene for golden nematode resistance. Now golden nematode resistance has nothing to do with Bt, it was a completely different gene. But the gene for golden nematode resistance was turned off by the forced insertion of the Bt gene packet.
end

Granted-the above is random- but it goes to prove that what HAS been done can be changed.

[Venetia]

You may be surprised at what you find and bring to the table, Kritters!

Here is a list of Citovsky's work:

http://www.sunysb.edu/biochem/citovs...blications.pdf

Because he is the world's leading expert- his work should give us direction?

-V-

I was thinking about emailing Mae Han Ho. She is also an expert- and she is on our side.

Here is her contact info- if you would like to contact her as well? Or anyone else for that matter.

ISIS contact details